As explained by U.S. National Library of Medicine, cell, in biology, is the basic building block of all living things. The human body is composed of trillions of cells. They provide structure for the body, take in nutrients from food, convert those nutrients into energy, and carry out specialized functions. Cells also contain the body’s hereditary material and can make copies of themselves.
Cells have many parts, each with a different function. Some of these parts, called organelles, are specialized structures that perform certain tasks within the cell.
Human cells contain the following major parts:
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Golgi apparatus
Lysosomes and peroxisomes
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Plasma membrane
Ribosomes
A single cell is often a complete organism in itself, such as a bacterium or yeast. Other cells acquire specialized functions as they m@ture. These cells cooperate with other specialized cells and become the building blocks of large multicellular organisms, such as animals and humans.
Learn more about cell at Britannica.